Carbureter.



R.' P.' NORTON.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED IuIY 22, 1912.

Patented Apr. 13,1915.Y

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R. P. NORTON'.

CARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 22. 1912.

Patented Apr.. 13, 1915.

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RAYMOND I. NORTON. 0F MARSHALLTOWN, IOWA', ASSIGNQR OF ONE-THIRD T0 W.A. NORTON, 0F MRSHALLTO WN, IOWA.

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T0 all whom 'it may concern Be it known that I, RAYMOND 1P. Non'roN, acitizen of the United States, residing at Marshalltown, in the county ofMarshall and State of Iowa, have invented a certain new and usefulCarbureter, of 'which the following is a speciication. I

rlhe .object of my invention is to provlde a carbureter of simple,durable and inexpensive construction, provided with mechanism wherebythe air inlet openings and the throttle valve to the engine may becontrolled by a single lever.

A further object is to provide such a carbureter provided with means foradjusting the size of the air inlet opening with relation to the size ofthe discharge opening at the point where the throttle valve is located.

A further object is to provide the said carbureter having means wherebygasolene may be admitted to the mixing chamber by the operation of thesame lever which ricontrols the throttle valve, and the air. inletopening.

A further object is to provide in such a carbureter a simple and easilyregulated means for adjusting the mechanism which controls the flow ofgasolene into the mixing chamber.

A further object is to provide in such carbureter a new and noveladjustable device for regulating the size of the air inlet opening.

Still a further object is to provide a carbureter having mechanism forcontrolling the opening in the carbureter shell around the gasolene,feed nozzle, a valve which coacts with said nozzle in unison in suchmanner that air is permitted to flow upwardly through the carbureteraround the gasolene feed nozzle for producing a uniform mixture.

My invention consists in certain details, in the construction,arrangement and combination of the various parts of the device, wherebythe objects contemplated are attained, as hereinafter more fully setforth,

pointed out in my claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawings inwhich- Figure 1 shows a side elevation of the carbureter embodying myinvention. Fig. 2 shows a vertical, centra-l, sectional view of thesame. Fig. 3 shows a vertical, central,

Specification of Letters Patent.

and for controlling Fatented Apr. 13, 1915.

Application led July 2:2., 1912. Serial No. 711,013.

sectional view of the mixing cliamberand adjacent parts taken on a lineat right an` gles tothe View shown of Fig. 2. Fig. 4- shows a top orplan view of my carbureter. Fig. 5 shows a. top or plan view of themovable .segmental plates whereby the air inlet openlng is formed. Fig.6 shows a plan view of the circular plate just above the segmentalplates shown in Fig. 5. Fig.

shows a detail view of part of the plateshown in Fig. 6, and of the linkattached thereto, and Fig. 8 shows a detail view of part of theactuating levers for operating the carbureter.

ln the accompanying drawings, I have used the reference numeral 10 toindicate generally the casings containing a float feed. Screwed into thebottom of the casing 10 and communicating with the interior thereof, isa gasolene inlet tube 11, the upper end of which forms a valve seat forthe needle valve 12. The upper end 13 of the casing 10 is a detachableplate and is provided with a central opening in which isreceived anexternally and internally screwthreaded cylinder 14. Formed on the lowerend of the cylinder 14, within thecasing 10 are a collar 19. On the stem17 between the collar 19 and the screw plug 16, is an extensible coilspring 20, designed to exert yielding pressure to hold the valve 12 inits v seated position.

ln order to control the valve 12, and the position of the fioat 18, lsecure to the upper side of the float 18, on opposite sides thereof,bell crank levers 21. One arm of each bell crank lever 21 is pivoted tothe upper surface of the float 18, and is also so mounted thereon, as topermit a slight horizontal sliding movement of the end of the lever withrelation to the float. The other arm rests just below thecollar 19. Eachof the bell crank levers 21 is centrally pivoted on from the lower oneof the bracket arms 15, so that when the float is at thelower limit ofits mo vement,l

its weight acting against the spring 20, will raise}the valve 12.

When sufficient gasolene has been admitted to the interior ofthe casing10 to raise the float 18, the inner ends of the bell crank levers 21will be lowered and the spring 20 will force the valve 12 to its seatedposition.

Formed on the lower portion of the cas-A ing 10 is a laterally'extendingcasting 23. The casting 23 extends into and through a hollow cylinder24. Within the cylinder 24 and extending upwardly therein, from thecasting 23, is a tube 25. Formed in the casting 23, is a passage way 26,which leads portion of the interior'of the casing 10, to the lower endof the tube 25. Extending downwardly from the passage 26 within thecylinder 24 is a short tube 27, in the lower end of which is a pet-cock28, for draining the passage way 26 and the tube 25.

Approximately at the level of the upper end of the tube 25, the cylinder24 is provided with a circumferential annular flange 29, whichterminates in a vertical circumferential annular flange 30, which isexternally screwthreaded. Above the cylinder 24, is a cylinder 3l,somewhat smaller in diameter than the cylinder 24. The cylinder 31 hason lits lower end a horizontal circumferential annular flange 32,designed to rest on the upper surface of the flange 30. For securing thecylinders 24 and 31 together, I provide an internally screwthreadedring, 33, having at its upper end an annular inwardly extending flange34. The ring 33 is designed to be set down over the flange 32, and to bescrewed on to the flange 30. It will thus be seen that a space is leftbetween the flange 2.9 and 32. To prevent rotation of the cylinder 31and the ring 33, with relation to the cylinder 24, when the parts areassembled, I provide a pin 35, which is received in the correspondingopenings inthe flange 34, the flange 32 and the flange 30.

At its upper end, the cylinder 31 is provided with laterally extendingflanges 36, by which the carbureter is mountedV on the enine.

g In the upper end of the cylinder 31, is mounted a butterfly orthrottle valve 37, the stem 38 of which extends to position outside thecylinder 31. Fixed on the outer end of the stem 38 is a segmental plate39 on Iwhich is formed a lever handle 40. By the movement of the leverhandle 40, the throttle valve 37 may be controlled.

For controlling the air inlet opening around the upper end of thegasolene inlet tube 25, I have provided the following mechanism:Extending upwardly from the flange 29 at regular intervals are pins 40.Pivoted slots.

-slots 44 and the Fig. 5. Above the plates 41, I place a flat. disk 43which is provided with a plurality of slots 44 designed to receive theupwardly extending lugs 42. The slots 44 are elongated on radial linesof the plate 43 to permit sliding movement of the lugs 42 in said Atoneside, the plate 43 is provided with a horizontal extension 44 whichis re- 'ceived in an elongated slot 45 in the flange 33. When the plates4l are in their outward position, as shown in Fig. 5, the extension 44is at the right hand end of the slot 45, as said slot is shown in Fig.6. When the extension 44 is moved to the left hand end of said slot, thelugs 42 slide inwardly in the plates 41 reduce the area of the centralair inlet opening as shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 5. On the upperside of the extension 44 is fixed a block 46, the upper surface of.which is approximately level with the upper side of the flange 34.Pivoted to the upper side of the block 46 is a horizontal link 47. Fixedon the cylinder 31 is a bracket 48. Detachably and ivotally mounted at apoint between its en s on the bracket48 is a lever 49. Pivotally mountedon the plate 39 at a point spaced apart from the longitudinal axis ofthe lever arm 40, is a rod 50. The rod 50 is pivotally and slida- .blymounted on one end of the lever 49 as shown in Fig. l. On the other endof the lever 49 is detachably fixed a curved arm 51, and adjacent to theconvex surface thereof, is a flat spring 52, one end of which is securedto the link 47. The spring 52, the arm 51 and the lever 49 are soarranged with relation to the link 47, that when the end of the lever 49to which the arm 51 is fixed is raised or lowered, the link 47 will bemoved in such a manner as to rotate the plate 43 and thereby operate theplates 41 for opening the air inlet opening or closing it. By means ofthe rod 50, the plates 41 and the throttle valve are operated in unisonby means of the lever 40.

The rod 50 is mounted on the lever 49 in the following manner: On thelever 49 is slidablv mounted a block 53 which may be adjusted in anyposition of its movement by means of a set screw 54. Rotatably mountedon the block 53 is a collar 55 which'is provided with an opening inwhich the rod 50 is slidably received. A set screw 56 may be used' forfixing the collar 55 in any position of its movement on the rod 50.

By means of the mechanism just described, the relative movements of thethrotinstaat lene from the tube 25 into the lower part of the cylinder31, which forms a mixing chamber, by means of the lever 40, l haveprovided the following mechanism: A cross rod or brace 57 is mountedwithin the cylinder 31 above the upper end of the tube 25 in thefollowing manner: In one side of the interior of the tube 31 is a recess58 in which one end of the rod57 is received. ln the opposite side ofthe tube 31 is a screwthreaded opening in which is received a screw plug59, in the inner end of which' is a recess which receives the other endof the rod 57. lin the rod 57 is a central vertical opening 60. A. bellcrank lever 61 is centrally pivoted at a point vjust above one edge ofthe slot 60 with one arm extending downwardly into said slot and withthe other arm extending horizontally above said slot. ln the lastmentioned arm of the bell crank lever 61 is an opening in which isreceived a valve stem v62. On the upper end of the valve stem 62 is ahead 63 by which said valve stem is prevented from sliding.

downwardly through the opening in said. bell crank lever. On the lowerend of the stem 62 is a valve 64 which coacts with the upper end of thetube 25. 0n the stem 62, just above the valve 64 is a ball 65 whichserves to scatter the gasolene vapor which is discharged into the mixingchamber from the tube 25. Mounted on the stem 62 between the ball 65 andthe rod 57, is an extensible coil spring 66. lin the end of the rod 57adjacent to the downwardly extending arm of the bell crank lever 61, isa longitudinal openingwhich registers with an opening in the tube 31. Inthe openings just described, is slidably mounted a yrod 68,

the inner end of which stands adjacent to the downwardly extending armofthe bell crank lever 61. Pivotally mounted on the outer side of thetube 31, above the outerend of the rod 68, is a swinging lever 69.-Centrally pivoted on the lower end of the lever 69, is a lever arm 70,the lower end of which is received in a slot 71 in the inner side of thebracket arm 48. Secured to the inner side of the plate 39, near thepoint where the rod 50 is pivoted thereto, is a flat spring 72. Theother end of the flat spring 72 is designed to normally rest adjacent tothe opposite side of the inner surface of the plate 39. Mounted in theplate 39 are screws 73 which extend from the outside to a point beyondthe inner surface of said plate 39 and are designed to engage the sideof the spring 72 which is adjacent to said I- plate 39 thereby holdingthe free end of the of which is flat.

spring 72 away from the plate 39. Mounted in the upper end of the lever70, is a roller 74 designed to engage and travel along the flat spring72 when the lever 40 and the plate 39 are moved. It will be seen thatwhen the roller 74 travels from the fixed .end toward the free end ofthe spring 72, the upper end of the lever 70 will be .moved inwardlytoward the tube 31. 'llhe outer end of the rod 68 stands in the path ofthe lever 70 and is pushed inward when said lever is moved toward thetube 31. Mounted in the bracket arm 48 is a rod 75 on the inner end ofwhich is a head 76, one' side of which is convex and the other siderllhe head 76 is between the lower end of the lever 70 and the bracketarm 48 and the lower end. of the lever 70 rests-against said head. rlheposition of the lower end of the arm 70 maybe regulated by turning therod 75 to present either the flat side or the convex side of the head 76to the lower end of the lever arm. Connected with the rod 76 by means ofthe universal joint, is a controlling rod 77 by means of which the rod75 and the head 76 may be operated.

In the practical operation of my improved carbureter, gasolene is drawnthrough the carbureter and is admitted through the tube 11 into thecasing or receptacle 10. rll`he weight of the float 18 raises the valve12 and permits the intake of gasolene. When a certain predeterminedliquid has accumulated within the casing 10, the float 18 is raised andthe valve 12 is seated by the ac- .tion of the spring 20. Gasolene isfed from the casing 1() through the passage-way 26 to the tube 25. Whenthe engine is started, the lever 40, as shown in Fig. 1 is moved to theright, thereby opening the throttle, moving the plates 41 to increasethe size of the air opening and unseating the valve 64 to admit gasoleneinto the mixing chamber. By means of the screws 73, the spring 72 may beadjusted, thereby regulating the operation of the lever 70 and the valve64. 'llhe operation of the valve 74 may also be regulated to some extentby means of the rod 75 and the head 76. By moving the bl'ock 53longitudinally on the lever 49, and by rnovingthe collar 55longitudinally on the rod Y -able to thoroughly and completely adjustthe gasolene intake, the air intake, andthe throttle valve with relationto each other.

Itwill, of course, be understood that the parts of my improvedcarbureter are so arranged that a suliicient quantity of air passes theupper end of the tube 25 at a sufficient velocity to draw more gasolenefrom the tube 25 than will be needed and that the valve 64 preventsflooding the carbureter. It is advisable in a 'carbureter of this kindthat the flow of air past the upper end of f the tube 25 should be socontrolled and regulated at the nozzle and with reference to the needlevalve as to produce as nearly as possible a uniform mixture. Thisadvisable condition I am able to accomplish by regulating the size ofthe opening around the upper end of the tube 25 in unison with themovement of the throttle valve 37 and the needle valve. In view` of thefacts just mentioned it will be seen that the flow of gasolene isregulated by the valve 64 but the relative amount actually taken up bythe air is regulated by the velocity of the air, the volume thereof andthe courseof travel of the air past the deflector ball 65.

I have found by a great many experiments that by controlling the size ofthe air opening immediately around the discharge end of the gasoleneintake, usually called the nozzle, I am able to regulate quiteaccurately the mixture for. keeping it uniform. This is especially truewhere the needle valve is regulated in unison with the iris valve. Thecarbureter may be adjusted so that when the engine is run at low speedthe proper mixture is secured. Assuming this to be accomplished, then ifthe speed of the engine increases the suction through the carbureter isincreased, thereby increasing the flow of air and carrying with it anincreased amount of gasolene. It is usually true, however, when thishappens, that the gasolene increases more than the proper `amount inproportion to the increase in the air. This is true because with theusual carbureter the construction is such as to provide a greater vacuumthan in my device. As will be seen in the=drawing the air opening aroundthe nozzle is of considerable size even when the iris valve is closed.The construction and regulation of my carbureter is such that the vacuumpressure is borne by the throttle and not by the air valve. With mydevice, the air flows comparatively freely around the nozzle at alltimes and therefore the variation in the speed of the engine, while itdoes increase the suction and therefore increases the supply of air andgasolene, does not increase the gasolene supply out of proportion.

. Assuming the proper mixture of gasolene and air to be approximately 1to 11, and assuming the throttle to remain in fixed position while theengine is run at low speed, and

meter is such that there assuming that the pro er mixture is thensecured, if the speed o the engine then increases and the constructionof the carbuis considerable vacuum at the nozzle, then both air andasolene will increase but the proportionate increase of gasolene is toogreat.

With my device Where the opening around the nozzle is comparativelylarge, a comparatively small degreeof vacuum is created b increase inengine speed without throttle change and under such conditions theincreased supply of gasolene and air occurs in approximately the properfixed proportions. When it is desired to control the increase of fuelsupply, the construction of my carbureter is such that when the throttleis opened, the aii` opening is enlarged and the needle valve is slightlyraised and the uniformity of the mixture is thereby maintained. I havetaken it to be a fact, however, that to regulate the flow of air and tocontrol the inflow of gasolene by means of a valve alone is notsutlicient to produce a perfect mixture which will be uniform at alltimes.

In order to effect a complete admixture of the gasolene and air and tocomplete the vaporization 'of the gasolene I have provided on the stem62 the deflector ball 65. In this connection it may be noted that with acomparatively restricted opening around the upper end of the tube 25,and a comparatively small inflow of gasolene, the gasolene and air willproperly mix. When, however, the valve 64 is raised and the openingaround the upper end of the tube 25 is enlarged, the tendency would befor the gasolene to pass upwardly with the air, and in the absence ofsome deflector the mixture in the center of the tube 30 would be veryrich and the gasolene would not be thoroughly vaporized, while themixture around the outside of the tube 3l would be poor. That is to sayin the center of the tube 31 there would be an excess of gasolene, andaround the outside there would be very little gasolene. By means of theball 65 the gasolene passing upwardly is deflected outwardly and driven'toward the side walls of the tube 31 so that the gasolene is drawn intothe upwardly passing current of air, and thoroughly mingled therewith.It will be seen that at 1 in the size of the air opening around 'thenozzle and the opening of the needle valve, While it causes an increasein air supply and gasolene supply, does not maintain the forming a valveseat at its discharge end,

an adjustable closure device surrounding said nozzle near its dischargeend and adapted to vary the size or the opening in the shell around thenozzle, a needle valve arranged to c'oact with said seat, and providedwith an upwardly extending stem, a valve raising device slidably mountedon the said stem, a deiiector device on 'said stem above said valve, anda yielding device arranged between said deflector and said valve raisingdevice.

2. In a carbureter, a shell having an air inlet opening and a dischargepassage, a fuel feed nozzle extending into said shell to a point betweensaid opening and passage and forming a valve seat at its discharge end,an adjustable closure device surrounding said nozzle near its dischargeend and adaptl ed to vary the size of the opening in the shell aroundthe nozzle, a .needle valve arranged to coact with said seat, andprovided with an upwardly extending stem, a valve raising device on thesaid stem, slidably. mounted, adefle'ctor device on said stem above saidvalve, a yielding device arranged between said deiiector and said valveraising device, a throttle valve in said discharge passage, and meansfor simultaneously controlling said throttle valve, said closure deviceand said needle "vr-rive controlling means 3. ln a device et the classdescribed, a carbureting chamber having a discharge outlet, a throttlevalve in said discharge outlet,

a stem thereon extending outside said chamber, a fuel inlet tubeextending intok said Chamber, the upper end of said tube forming a valveseat, a valve arranged to coact with said seat, an upwardly extendingstem thereon, a centrally pivoted bell crank lever having one endpivoted to said last named stem, a rod slidably mounted in the Wall ofsaid chamber and designed in one position to engage the freev end ofsaid bell crank lever for opening said second valve, an arm centrallypivoted to the outer end oit said rod, adjustable means for limiting theoutward movement of one end of said arm, means mounted on said throttlestem tor engaging the other end of said arm and moving it inv wardlywhen said throttle stem is moved to a certain position of its movement,and a link pivoted to said chamber and to said arm for supporting it.

4. 1n a device of the class described a carbureting chamber having adischarge outlet, a throttle valve in said discharge outlet, a fuelinlet tube extending into said chamber, the upper end of said tubeforming a valve seat, the valve arranged to coact with said seat, a rodslidably mounted in the wall of said chamber and operatively connectedwith said valve, said valve being arranged so that it is normally seatedand is raised by the inward movement of said rod, an arm pivoted to theloutside ot said shell, and extending roln position above te positionbelow the outer end of said rod, means whereby said arm and saidthrottle valve may be operated in unison, and means whereby the limit ofthe outward movement of the lower end of said arm may be regulated, saidiJneans comprising a rod rotatably mounted, and having a at sideadjacent to the lower end of said arm..

Des Moines, llowa, d une 27, 1912.

RAYMND P., NRTGN.

Witnesses:

G. A. More, W. A., Nonnen

